If a tenant stays after a valid Notice of Termination has expired, they may be overholding, but the landlord cannot simply remove them. A landlord must not change the locks, cut off utilities, remove belongings or use threats or harassment to force the tenant out. The usual route is to refer the matter to the Residential Tenancies Board (RTB), which can decide the dispute and issue an order that may be enforceable through the courts. The outcome depends on the notice and the tenancy’s facts, so a landlord may wish to seek advice from a solicitor or check the RTB’s guidance.